ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF PILOT SCALE PRODUCTION OF ANTI-BREAST CANCER PRODUCT (COALEX-1) FROM COCOA LEAVES EXTRACT
Authors: Zainal B., Noor Shazwani R. and Ishak Z.
Journal Issue: Malaysian Cocoa Journal, Volume 13(1)/2021
Keywords: Anti-breast cancer, leaves extract, Theobroma cacao, MCF-7 cells, cocoa
Published On: 1/11/2021
Abstract
To solve the increased global burden issue due to breast cancer disease, extract from Theobroma cacao has been used as an alternative therapy for improving its efficacy against breast cancer and minimizing toxicity. The objective of this study is to investigate the anti-breast cancer activity of Theobroma cacao leaves extract (CoaLeX-1) against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The CoaLeX-1 was extracted using a pilot-scale extraction process. The anti-breast cancer activity of MCF-7 cells was evaluated by MTT assay and different time activities. The morphology phase contrast and different dosage assay were observed by a light inverted microscope. The results showed that CoaLeX-1 can inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cells, with IC50 value of 4.17 0.48 g/mL after 48 hours of treatment at different concentrations. Percentage cell viability at a time point of 48 hours inhibits the cell proliferation in the time-dependent manner of extracts. The morphology features of apoptosis were observed on the cell by showed the formation of shrinking, membrane blebbing, and membrane-bounded vesicles after 48 h of treatment. In the addition, CoaLeX-1 also exerted significant cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cells by inducing marked morphological changes associated with apoptosis and a decrease in the number of cells in a time and dose-dependent manner after 2 days treatment at a concentration of 5 μg/ml. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CoaLeX-1 possesses anti-breast cancer potential against MCF-7 cells either used alone or as an adjunct to the standard chemotherapeutic drugs.